C190 Introduction to Biology Practice Questions - Set 2 - Part 3

Correct Answer: C) Genetic information storage

Lipids function in energy storage, insulation, and cell membrane structure, but genetic information storage is the role of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA.

Correct Answer: B) Amino acids

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, which are linked together to form polypeptide chains. Nucleotides are building blocks of nucleic acids, and monosaccharides and fatty acids form carbohydrates and lipids, respectively.

Correct Answer: C) Oxygen

Oxygen is used as a reactant in cellular respiration, not a product. The products include ATP, carbon dioxide, and water.

Correct Answer: B) Phagocytosis

Phagocytosis is a form of endocytosis where the cell engulfs large particles, such as bacteria, by surrounding them with the plasma membrane.

Correct Answer: B) Building proteins

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, assembling amino acids into polypeptides, which are then folded into functional proteins.

Correct Answer: B) S phase

The S phase (synthesis phase) is when DNA replication occurs in preparation for cell division. G1 and G2 are growth phases, and M phase refers to mitosis.

Correct Answer: C) Provide energy for cellular functions

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary energy carrier in cells, providing energy for various cellular functions, such as active transport and muscle contraction.

Correct Answer: C) Cellular respiration

Cellular respiration, which includes the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain, takes place in the mitochondria. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm, and photosynthesis happens in chloroplasts.

Correct Answer: C) Genome

The genome refers to the complete set of genetic material in an organism. Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of a specific trait, and phenotype is the physical expression of traits.

Correct Answer: B) G1 phase

The G1 phase is the first phase of interphase, during which the cell grows and prepares for DNA replication in the S phase. The G2 phase prepares the cell for mitosis.