C190 Introduction to Biology Practice Questions - Set 4 - Part 3

Correct Answer: B) Simple diffusion

Simple diffusion is the random movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, without the use of energy or transport proteins.

Correct Answer: B) It synthesizes new DNA strands

DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to the growing chain during DNA replication.

Correct Answer: C) Sister chromatids are separated and pulled to opposite poles

During anaphase, sister chromatids are separated and moved to opposite poles of the cell, preparing for the division of the cytoplasm in telophase.

Correct Answer: B) It provides electrons for the Calvin cycle

NADPH is an electron carrier that provides high-energy electrons for the Calvin cycle, where carbon dioxide is converted into glucose during photosynthesis.

Correct Answer: B) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) synthesizes lipids and helps detoxify harmful substances in cells, while the rough ER is involved in protein synthesis due to its ribosomes.

Correct Answer: C) Proteins

Enzymes are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions, speeding up chemical processes without being consumed in the reaction.

Correct Answer: A) Anaphase I

In Anaphase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes are separated and pulled to opposite poles of the cell, reducing the chromosome number by half.

Correct Answer: C) Lysosome

Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down macromolecules, worn-out organelles, and foreign invaders such as bacteria.

Correct Answer: B) Providing energy

Carbohydrates serve as a primary source of energy for living organisms. Glucose, a simple carbohydrate, is broken down during cellular respiration to produce ATP.