C207 Data-Driven Decision Making Practice Questions - Set 3 - Part 2

Correct Answer: A diagram that shows the sequence of steps in a process

A flowchart uses symbols and arrows to map out the steps of a process, helping to visualize how information or materials flow through a system.

Correct Answer: Identify the causes of defects and their effects on a system

FMEA is an analytical technique that identifies potential failure modes in a system and evaluates the impact of those failures on the system's performance.

Correct Answer: To provide assurance that products or services meet high standards

Quality assurance focuses on ensuring that products and services consistently meet high standards by improving and controlling processes.

Correct Answer: Maximize customer value while minimizing waste

Lean management emphasizes efficiency by minimizing waste in production processes while maximizing the value delivered to customers.

Correct Answer: The entire process flow, from suppliers to customers

A SIPOC diagram outlines the key elements of a process, including Suppliers, Inputs, Processes, Outputs, and Customers, providing a comprehensive view of the workflow.

Correct Answer: The probability of a process passing through without defects or rework

RTY is a measure of how likely it is that a process will yield defect-free results throughout all stages, without requiring any rework.

Correct Answer: Test different factors simultaneously to see how they interact

DOE uses statistical methods to test how different variables and their interactions affect an outcome, often improving product or process design.

Correct Answer: The Pareto Principle

The 80/20 Rule, or Pareto Principle, states that 80% of problems are caused by 20% of the factors, allowing businesses to focus on the most significant issues.

Correct Answer: Cause-and-effect diagram

A cause-and-effect diagram, also known as a fishbone diagram, is used to identify and organize potential causes of a problem, often visually resembling a fishbone.

Correct Answer: Identify and translate customer requirements into technical requirements

VOC helps businesses understand customer needs and preferences, translating those into actionable technical requirements for product or service development.

Correct Answer: Identify critical to quality characteristics that can be quantified and measured

A CTQ tree helps businesses break down customer needs into measurable, critical to quality (CTQ) characteristics, which are key to ensuring customer satisfaction.

Correct Answer: Eliminate defects in processes by reducing variation

Six Sigma is a data-driven approach aimed at reducing process variation and eliminating defects, leading to higher quality and efficiency.

Correct Answer: Abnormal variation that is not part of the regular process

Special cause variation refers to unexpected or abnormal deviations from the normal process, indicating potential issues that need investigation.

Correct Answer: Add the duration of the activity to the early start date

The early finish date is calculated by adding the activity duration to its early start date, representing the earliest possible completion time.

Correct Answer: Statistical methods to monitor and control processes

SPC uses statistical tools, such as control charts, to monitor process performance, identify variation, and improve overall quality.

Correct Answer: Improve and refine processes continuously

The PDCA cycle is a four-step process for continuous improvement, involving planning, executing, evaluating, and acting on results.

Correct Answer: Adding the early start dates to the amount of time required to complete each activity

Early finish dates are calculated by adding the duration of each activity to its early start date, determining the earliest possible completion time.

Correct Answer: An activity that must be performed well for an organization to succeed

Critical success factors are the essential areas of activity that must be performed well for an organization to achieve its goals and objectives.

Correct Answer: Both financial and non-financial metrics

A balanced scorecard measures an organization’s performance across multiple dimensions, including financial, customer, internal processes, and innovation.