C484 Organizational Behavior and Leadership Practice Questions - Set 2 - Part 1

Correct Answer: a) Power distance

Power distance reflects the acceptance of unequal power distribution within a society. High power distance cultures typically accept hierarchical order, while low power distance cultures emphasize equality and shared decision-making.

Correct Answer: b) Masculinity

Masculinity in national culture attributes reflects societal values that prioritize assertiveness, achievement, and material success. In contrast, femininity emphasizes cooperation and care for others.

Correct Answer: b) Femininity

Femininity reflects a culture where gender roles are less defined, promoting equality between men and women in various aspects of life, including work and family responsibilities.

Correct Answer: b) Terminal values

Terminal values represent the desired end-states that individuals strive to achieve, such as happiness or success. Instrumental values, on the other hand, refer to the preferred modes of behavior to reach those ends.

Correct Answer: c) Perception

Perception involves the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information to understand and give meaning to the behavior of others. Attribution theory, while related, focuses specifically on the causes of behavior.

Correct Answer: b) Tendency to attribute failures to external factors

Self-serving bias occurs when individuals attribute their successes to internal factors and their failures to external circumstances, thus protecting their self-esteem and self-image.

Correct Answer: b) Conformity

Conformity refers to adjusting one’s behavior to align with the norms and expectations of a reference group. This social influence can significantly affect individual behavior and decision-making.

Correct Answer: b) Role conflict

Role conflict arises when an individual faces conflicting expectations from different roles they occupy, leading to confusion and stress in fulfilling those roles effectively.

Correct Answer: a) Fiedler contingency model

The Fiedler contingency model posits that the effectiveness of a leader is contingent on the interplay between their leadership style and the situational context they operate within.

Correct Answer: a) Task conflict

Task conflict refers to disagreements among group members regarding the content and goals of the work, which can be productive if managed well, as it encourages discussion and diverse viewpoints.

Correct Answer: b) Bounded rationality model

The bounded rationality model suggests that individuals make decisions based on simplified models of reality due to cognitive limitations and time constraints, rather than through exhaustive analysis.

Correct Answer: a) Self-efficacy

Self-efficacy refers to an individual's belief in their capacity to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific performance attainments, significantly impacting motivation and persistence.

Correct Answer: a) Three-component model of creativity

The three-component model posits that individual creativity is dependent on expertise, creative skills, and intrinsic motivation, all of which contribute to innovative thinking and problem-solving.

Correct Answer: d) Legitimate power

Legitimate power is the authority that comes from a person’s position in the organizational hierarchy, granting them the right to make decisions and direct others.

Correct Answer: d) Directive leadership

Directive leadership involves providing clear guidance and expectations for roles, motivating employees through structured approaches and clarity in tasks and responsibilities.

Correct Answer: a) Distributive justice

Distributive justice focuses on the fairness of outcomes, assessing whether rewards and resources are allocated fairly among individuals based on contributions and needs.

Correct Answer: a) Task-oriented

Task-oriented leadership prioritizes the completion of goals and the efficiency of task execution over interpersonal relationships, often providing clear instructions and oversight.

Correct Answer: a) Deviant behavior

Deviant behavior refers to actions that go against organizational norms and can harm the organization or its members, often leading to negative outcomes in workplace culture.

Correct Answer: a) Organizational culture

Organizational culture comprises the shared values, beliefs, and practices that define how members of an organization interact and work together, distinguishing one organization from another.

Correct Answer: a) Conformity

Conformity involves individuals adjusting their behaviors and beliefs to align with the expectations and norms of a group, which can enhance group cohesion but may also suppress individuality.