C165 Integrated Physical Sciences - Set 1 - Part 2

Correct Answer: Convection currents in the mantle

Convection currents in Earths mantle drive the movement of tectonic plates.

Correct Answer: Nitrogen

Nitrogen makes up approximately 78% of Earth's atmosphere.

Correct Answer: Troposphere

The troposphere is the lowest and densest layer of Earths atmosphere.

Correct Answer: Law of Conservation of Momentum

The law of conservation of momentum states that momentum is conserved in an isolated system during a collision.

Correct Answer: Cold air displaces warm air

At a cold front, cold air pushes beneath warm air, often resulting in storms and cooler temperatures.

Correct Answer: Chemical energy

Chemical energy is the energy stored within chemical bonds that can be released during chemical reactions.

Correct Answer: Covalent bond

Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electron pairs between atoms, typically between non-metals.

Correct Answer: They form an electron sea

In metallic bonds, electrons move freely in an "electron sea," contributing to the properties of metals.

Correct Answer: Energy cannot be created or destroyed

The law of conservation of energy states that energy is never lost; it can only be transformed from one form to another.

Correct Answer: Mechanical wave

Mechanical waves, such as sound waves, require a medium like air, water, or solids to propagate.

Correct Answer: Solid particles vibrate but do not move past each other

In solids, particles vibrate in place but remain in fixed positions, giving solids a definite shape.

Correct Answer: Energy of motion

Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object in motion.

Correct Answer: Longitudinal wave

Sound is a longitudinal wave where particles move parallel to the direction of wave propagation.

Correct Answer: To reduce motion

Friction typically acts to oppose motion, reducing the speed of moving objects.

Correct Answer: Thermosphere

The International Space Station orbits in the thermosphere, where temperatures are very high.

Correct Answer: Newton's First Law

Newton's First Law, also known as the Law of Inertia, states that an object will remain in motion unless acted upon by an external force.

Correct Answer: Aeolian processes

Aeolian processes refer to the movement of sediment, like sand, by the wind, forming dunes in dry areas.

Correct Answer: Ionic bond

Ionic bonds form between metals and non-metals, where electrons are transferred from one atom to another.

Correct Answer: Newton

Force is measured in newtons (N) in the International System of Units (SI).

Correct Answer: The momentum doubles

Momentum is the product of mass and velocity, so if the velocity doubles, the momentum also doubles.