C165 Integrated Physical Sciences - Set 5 - Part 2

Correct Answer: Condensation

Condensation releases heat as water vapor cools and changes into liquid water, often forming clouds or dew.

Correct Answer: Water vapor

Water vapor is the most abundant gas released during volcanic eruptions, followed by carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide.

Correct Answer: Divergent boundary

A divergent boundary occurs when tectonic plates move away from each other, often resulting in the formation of new crust.

Correct Answer: Troposphere

The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earths atmosphere, where weather occurs and where most of the atmospheric mass is found.

Correct Answer: Gravity

Gravity is the force of attraction between objects that have mass, such as Earths gravitational pull on objects.

Correct Answer: Electron

Electrons are negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom.

Correct Answer: Transverse

Light is a transverse wave, meaning the oscillations are perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling.

Correct Answer: Trough

The trough is the lowest point of a wave, while the crest is the highest point.

Correct Answer: Convection

Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids, such as air or water, driven by temperature differences.

Correct Answer: Compression

Compression is the part of a sound wave where particles are close together, while rarefaction is where particles are spread apart.

Correct Answer: Sublimation

Sublimation is the process where a solid changes directly into a gas without passing through the liquid phase.

Correct Answer: Covalent bond

A covalent bond is formed when atoms share electrons, creating a stable bond.

Correct Answer: Plasma

Plasma is a state of matter where atoms are ionized, meaning electrons are free from their nuclei, creating charged particles.

Correct Answer: Pressure decreases

According to Boyles Law, the pressure of a gas decreases as its volume increases, assuming temperature remains constant.

Correct Answer: Silicon

Silicon, in the form of silica (SiO), is a major component used in the production of glass.

Correct Answer: Ion

An ion is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost electrons, resulting in a positive or negative charge.

Correct Answer: Earthquake

Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy due to the movement of tectonic plates along fault lines.

Correct Answer: Inverse

In the electromagnetic spectrum, as the wavelength of a wave increases, its frequency decreases, and vice versa.

Correct Answer: Exosphere

The exosphere is the outermost layer of Earths atmosphere, where particles are sparse and temperatures can be extremely high.

Correct Answer: Oxygen

Oxygen is essential for cellular respiration in most living organisms, allowing them to produce energy.