D199 Introduction to Physical and Human Geography - Set 5 - Part 2

Correct Answer: Data that shows relationships between two variables

Bivariate data involves two variables and is commonly used to analyze relationships or correlations, such as height and weight.

Correct Answer: A graph showing data points plotted on a plane to observe relationships

A scatterplot is used to represent the relationship between two variables by plotting data points on an x and y axis, often to determine correlation.

Correct Answer: A situation where an increase in one variable causes an increase in another

Positive linear association occurs when two variables move in the same directionif one increases, the other also increases.

Correct Answer: A situation where an increase in one variable causes a decrease in another

Negative linear association occurs when one variable increases while the other decreases, showing an inverse relationship.

Correct Answer: The intensity of the relationship between two variables

Strength in bivariate data refers to how closely the data points fit a linear pattern, with stronger relationships producing tighter data clusters.

Correct Answer: A graph using points connected by line segments to show a trend

Line plots are used to connect individual data points with straight lines, which help to show trends or patterns over time.

Correct Answer: The use of symbols to convey information on a map

Symbolization in cartography involves using symbols like dots, lines, or icons to represent different physical or human-made features on a map.

Correct Answer: Maps that use distortions to emphasize a particular attribute or variable

Cartograms distort geographic areas to highlight specific variables like population density, making them more abstract than literal maps.

Correct Answer: A system for collecting satellite data about Earths surface

GPS uses a network of satellites to provide accurate location information for any point on Earths surface.

Correct Answer: The mathematical process of finding a location using three reference points

Triangulation determines a precise location by measuring the distance between an object and at least three known reference points, such as GPS satellites.

Correct Answer: A state with regions that have some independence under a central government

Federal states divide power between a national government and smaller, regional authorities, allowing for decentralized decision-making.

Correct Answer: The expansion and growth of cities

Urbanization is the movement of populations from rural to urban areas, leading to the growth of cities and metropolitan regions.

Correct Answer: The transition from an agriculture-based economy to manufacturing and large-scale production

Industrialization marks a shift from primarily agricultural economies to economies based on industry and manufacturing.

Correct Answer: An industry where the final product weighs less than the raw materials

Weight-losing industries produce goods that weigh less than the original raw materials, such as paper production from wood.

Correct Answer: An industry where the final product weighs more than the raw materials

Weight-gaining industries produce goods that increase in weight during processing, such as beverage bottling.

Correct Answer: The clustering of industries in a particular area to reduce costs and share resources

Agglomeration occurs when industries concentrate in one geographic area to benefit from shared services, infrastructure, and reduced transportation costs.

Correct Answer: An economy that emphasizes the provision of services over manufacturing

In a service economy, industries like healthcare, education, and tourism dominate, rather than manufacturing and production of goods.

Correct Answer: The interconnection of nations across economic, political, and cultural spheres

Globalization refers to the increasing integration of countries through trade, communication, and cultural exchange, creating a more interconnected world.

Correct Answer: The ability of a state to govern itself independently

Sovereignty is the authority of a state to control its own affairs without interference from other states or external forces.

Correct Answer: The establishment of control over a foreign territory for economic and political gain

Colonialism involves one nation asserting control over another territory, often for resource exploitation, economic gain, and political influence.