D199 Introduction to Physical and Human Geography - Set 4 - Part 3

Correct Answer: The extraction of natural resources directly from the Earth

Primary economic activities include agriculture, mining, fishing, and other industries that extract natural resources from the environment.

Correct Answer: The ability of a state to govern itself without outside interference

Sovereignty refers to the authority of a state to govern its own territory and make decisions independently from external control.

Correct Answer: A state where power is divided between national and regional governments

In a federal state, governing power is shared between the national government and smaller, regional governments, allowing for local decision-making.

Correct Answer: The expansion of a nation's territory by conquering other nations

Imperialism refers to a policy in which a country extends its power by taking control of other countries, often through military force or political influence.

Correct Answer: The establishment of settlements and exploitation of resources in foreign lands

Colonialism involves the control of one nation over another territory, often for the purpose of resource extraction and economic gain.

Correct Answer: A state with multiple regions divided by physical or political boundaries

A fragmented state consists of several separate parts, often divided by water or the territory of another country, which can create challenges for governance.

Correct Answer: The difference between government spending and revenue when spending exceeds revenue

A budget deficit occurs when a government's expenditures exceed its revenue, leading to borrowing or the accumulation of debt.

Correct Answer: The process of identifying a location by measuring distances from multiple satellites

Triangulation uses signals from at least three satellites to determine the precise location of an object on Earth using GPS technology.

Correct Answer: The manipulation of electoral district boundaries to favor one political party

Gerrymandering is the deliberate redrawing of electoral districts to give an advantage to a particular political party or group.

Correct Answer: The relocation of migrants from one country to another after an initial migration

Secondary migration occurs when migrants move from their initial country of settlement to another country, often in search of better opportunities or living conditions.