D278 Scripting and Programming Foundations - Set 5 - Part 3

Correct Answer: Code is read far more often than it is written and must be maintained

Developers spend far more time reading and modifying code than writing it initially, so clear structure and naming substantially reduce maintenance cost and defects.

Correct Answer: Do not Repeat Yourself: avoid duplicating logic

The DRY principle advises against duplicating logic, because repeated code must be changed in multiple places and easily becomes inconsistent.

Correct Answer: Showing structure and nesting to make logic clear

Indentation visually conveys block structure and nesting. In some languages, such as Python, it is syntactically required to define code blocks.

Correct Answer: Systematic examination of code by other developers

Code review has peers examine changes to catch defects, improve design, share knowledge, and maintain consistent standards before code is merged.

Correct Answer: Software combining an editor, debugger, and build tools

An IDE integrates an editor, compiler or interpreter, debugger, and other tools into one application, streamlining the development workflow.

Correct Answer: Explaining how the software works and how to use or maintain it

Documentation explains purpose, usage, and design decisions so that users can operate the software and future developers can maintain it effectively.

Correct Answer: Organizing a program into independent, interchangeable components

Modular programming divides a system into self-contained modules with clear interfaces, making the program easier to develop, test, understand, and modify.

Correct Answer: The structured phases from requirements through maintenance

The SDLC describes the phases of software development, typically requirements, design, implementation, testing, deployment, and maintenance.

Correct Answer: To ensure the software solves the actual problem stakeholders have

Clear requirements establish what the software must do, preventing wasted effort building the wrong solution and providing the basis for testing.

Correct Answer: Defects are found early when they are cheap and easy to fix

Building and testing incrementally surfaces defects close to when they are introduced, when the context is fresh and the fix is far less costly than after full integration.