D333 Ethics in Technology - Set 2 - Part 1

Correct Answer: EnCase Certified Examiner

These certifications focus on digital forensics and ensure that data collected during cyberattacks can be used in legal proceedings.

Correct Answer: Privacy concerns

Using personal data from social media platforms without explicit consent raises significant ethical concerns about user privacy.

Correct Answer: To detect and alert on suspicious activities

An IDS monitors network traffic for suspicious activity and alerts security personnel to potential threats.

Correct Answer: Conflict of interest

Offering a position to a former government employee creates a conflict of interest, as it may appear that the firm is attempting to influence government decisions.

Correct Answer: Violates intellectual property rights

Reverse engineering without permission infringes on the intellectual property rights of the original creators of the software.

Correct Answer: Defining stakeholders

Defining stakeholders helps determine who will be impacted by the decision and how they will be affected.

Correct Answer: Principles distinguishing right from wrong conduct

Ethics is the branch of philosophy concerned with principles that distinguish right from wrong conduct, guiding decisions about how people ought to act.

Correct Answer: Not everything legal is ethical, and not everything ethical is legally required

Law sets enforceable minimum standards, while ethics addresses what one ought to do. An action can be legal yet unethical, or ethical yet not legally mandated.

Correct Answer: Its consequences and the overall good produced

Utilitarianism is a consequentialist theory judging actions by their outcomes, holding that the right action produces the greatest good for the greatest number.

Correct Answer: Duties and rules that hold regardless of consequences

Deontological ethics judges actions by adherence to moral duties and rules. Certain acts are considered inherently right or wrong regardless of their outcomes.

Correct Answer: The moral character of the person acting

Virtue ethics focuses on the character of the moral agent, asking what a person of good character would do, rather than evaluating rules or consequences alone.

Correct Answer: A set of standards guiding conduct within a profession

A professional code of ethics articulates the standards and responsibilities expected of practitioners, guiding conduct and reinforcing public trust in the profession.

Correct Answer: Users understand and agree to how their data will be used

Informed consent requires that individuals be given clear, understandable information about what data is collected and how it will be used, and freely agree to it.

Correct Answer: Collecting only the data necessary for a stated purpose

Data minimization limits collection to what is genuinely needed for a specified purpose, reducing privacy risk and the potential harm from any breach.

Correct Answer: Systems can reproduce or amplify unfair discrimination against groups

Algorithms trained on biased historical data can reproduce and scale discrimination in decisions about hiring, lending, or policing, harming groups already disadvantaged.

Correct Answer: Training data that reflects existing societal inequities

Models learn patterns present in their training data. If historical data reflects discriminatory practices, the model will learn and perpetuate those patterns.

Correct Answer: Making the logic and factors behind automated decisions understandable

Algorithmic transparency means stakeholders can understand what factors drive an automated decision, enabling scrutiny, accountability, and the ability to contest outcomes.

Correct Answer: People affected deserve to understand and challenge decisions about them

When automated systems affect employment, credit, or liberty, those affected need an understandable rationale to exercise their right to contest or appeal the decision.

Correct Answer: Legal rights over creations of the mind such as inventions and works

Intellectual property comprises legal rights protecting creations of the mind, including copyrights, patents, trademarks, and trade secrets.

Correct Answer: Original expressive works fixed in a tangible medium

Copyright protects original works of authorship such as software code, writing, and music once fixed in tangible form. It protects the expression, not the underlying idea.