D488 Cybersecurity Architecture and Engineering - Set 4 - Part 2

Correct Answer: The process of converting data into a secure format to prevent unauthorized access

Encryption protects data by transforming it into an unreadable format, which can only be reversed with the correct key.

Correct Answer: Via email attachments or malicious downloads

Many malware infections occur when users open infected email attachments or download malicious files.

Correct Answer: A system for monitoring and protecting sensitive data from unauthorized access or loss

DLP systems help organizations prevent sensitive data from being shared or accessed by unauthorized individuals.

Correct Answer: To monitor and respond to security incidents in real time

An SOC is responsible for detecting, analyzing, and responding to security threats and incidents as they occur.

Correct Answer: Trojan horse

Trojan horses appear to be legitimate programs but contain harmful code that can compromise systems.

Correct Answer: To simulate an attack to identify vulnerabilities in systems

Penetration testing assesses the security of systems by simulating real-world attacks to identify weaknesses.

Correct Answer: Secure Socket Layer

SSL is a protocol for establishing a secure connection between a web server and a browser, ensuring data encryption during transmission.

Correct Answer: To attract and trap potential attackers

Honeypots are decoy systems designed to lure attackers, allowing organizations to study their techniques and improve security.

Correct Answer: To educate employees about security best practices and threat recognition

Cybersecurity awareness training aims to reduce risk by informing employees about potential threats and how to protect against them.

Correct Answer: They use fake emails or websites to trick users into providing sensitive information

Phishing attacks deceive users into revealing confidential information by mimicking legitimate sources.

Correct Answer: Virus

A virus attaches itself to legitimate programs and replicates itself, spreading to other systems when the infected program is executed.

Correct Answer: To evaluate the effectiveness of an organizations security measures

A security audit assesses existing security policies and practices to identify vulnerabilities and areas for improvement.

Correct Answer: A weakness in a system that can be exploited

Vulnerabilities are flaws or weaknesses in software or hardware that can be targeted by attackers to gain unauthorized access.

Correct Answer: To establish rules and guidelines for managing security within an organization

Security policies define how an organization protects its information assets and responds to security incidents.

Correct Answer: Flooding a server with traffic to render it unusable

A denial-of-service attack overwhelms a target with excessive traffic, preventing legitimate users from accessing it.

Correct Answer: All software designed to cause harm or compromise systems

Malware refers to malicious software created to disrupt, damage, or gain unauthorized access to computer systems.

Correct Answer: Malware that encrypts files and demands payment for decryption

Ransomware restricts access to files or systems until a ransom is paid, often causing significant damage and loss.

Correct Answer: To provide security measures for endpoint devices

EPP solutions protect endpoint devices like computers and mobile phones from various cyber threats.

Correct Answer: It consolidates log data from multiple sources for easier analysis

A centralized logging system aggregates logs, enabling better monitoring and incident response capabilities.

Correct Answer: To detect and block potential threats in real time

IPS actively analyzes network traffic for signs of malicious activity and blocks identified threats to prevent breaches.