D522 Python for IT Automation - Set 2 - Part 1

Correct Answer: open()

The built-in open() function opens a file and returns a file object for reading or writing.

Correct Answer: 'r'

The 'r' mode opens a file for reading. It is the default mode if none is specified.

Correct Answer: 'w'

The 'w' mode opens a file for writing and truncates (erases) any existing content.

Correct Answer: 'a'

The 'a' mode opens a file for appending, adding new data at the end without erasing existing content.

Correct Answer: Using a with statement

A with statement (context manager) automatically closes the file when the block ends, even if an error occurs.

Correct Answer: read()

The read() method returns the whole file content as one string.

Correct Answer: readline()

The readline() method reads and returns a single line from the file each time it is called.

Correct Answer: write()

The write() method writes a string to an open file. It does not add a newline automatically.

Correct Answer: os

The os module provides functions for interacting with the operating system, such as working with files and directories.

Correct Answer: os.listdir()

os.listdir() returns a list of the names of the entries in a given directory.

Correct Answer: os.mkdir()

os.mkdir() creates a single new directory. os.makedirs() creates intermediate directories as needed.

Correct Answer: os.path.exists()

os.path.exists() returns True if the specified path refers to an existing file or directory.

Correct Answer: os.remove()

os.remove() deletes a specified file. To remove directories, os.rmdir() or shutil.rmtree() is used.

Correct Answer: shutil

The shutil module provides high-level file operations such as copying and moving files and directory trees.

Correct Answer: shutil.copy()

shutil.copy() copies a file's contents and permissions to a destination.

Correct Answer: sys

The sys module exposes command-line arguments through sys.argv, a list of the script name and arguments.

Correct Answer: The script name

sys.argv[0] holds the name of the script being run; actual arguments start at index 1.

Correct Answer: argparse

The argparse module parses command-line arguments, generating help messages and validating input.

Correct Answer: subprocess

The subprocess module runs external programs and shell commands, capturing their output and return codes.

Correct Answer: subprocess.run()

subprocess.run() executes a command, waits for completion, and returns a CompletedProcess object.